How To Write Specific Css For Mozilla, Chrome And Ie

July 30, 2023 Post a Comment

What would be the CSS conditional statement you can use to include specific CSS for IE, Mozilla, Chrome. If IE #container { top: 5px; } If Mozilla #container { top: 7px; }

Solution 1:

For that

You can scan user Agent and find out which browser, its version. Including the OS for OS specific styles
You can use various CSS Hacks for specific browser
Or Scripts or Plugins to indentify the browser and apply various classes to the elements

Using PHP

See

Then then create the dynamic CSS file as per the detected browser

Here is a CSS Hacks list

/***** Selector Hacks ******//* IE6 and below */
* html#uno  { color: red }

/* IE7 */
*:first-child+html#dos { color: red } 

/* IE7, FF, Saf, Opera  */html>body#tres { color: red }

/* IE8, FF, Saf, Opera (Everything but IE 6,7) */html>/**/body#cuatro { color: red }

/* Opera 9.27 and below, safari 2 */html:first-child#cinco { color: red }

/* Safari 2-3 */html[xmlns*=""]body:last-child#seis { color: red }

/* safari 3+, chrome 1+, opera9+, ff 3.5+ */body:nth-of-type(1) #siete { color: red }

/* safari 3+, chrome 1+, opera9+, ff 3.5+ */body:first-of-type#ocho {  color: red }

/* saf3+, chrome1+ */@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) {
 #diez  { color: red  }
}

/* iPhone / mobile webkit */@media screen and (max-device-width: 480px) {
 #veintiseis { color: red  }
}


/* Safari 2 - 3.1 */html[xmlns*=""]:root#trece  { color: red  }

/* Safari 2 - 3.1, Opera 9.25 */
*|html[xmlns*=""]#catorce { color: red  }

/* Everything but IE6-8 */:root *> #quince { color: red  }

/* IE7 */
*+html#dieciocho {  color: red }

/* Firefox only. 1+ */#veinticuatro,  x:-moz-any-link  { color: red }

/* Firefox 3.0+ */#veinticinco,  x:-moz-any-link, x:default  { color: red  }



/***** Attribute Hacks ******//* IE6 */#once { _color: blue }

/* IE6, IE7 */#doce { *color: blue; /* or #color: blue */ }

/* Everything but IE6 */#diecisiete { color/**/: blue }

/* IE6, IE7, IE8 */#diecinueve { color: blue\9; }

/* IE7, IE8 */#veinte { color/*\**/: blue\9; }

/* IE6, IE7 -- acts as an !important */#veintesiete { color: blue !ie; } /* string after ! can be anything */

Source: http://paulirish.com/2009/browser-specific-css-hacks/

If you want to use Plugin then here is one

http://rafael.adm.br/css_browser_selector/

Solution 2:

You could use php to echo the browser name as a body class, e.g.

<body class="mozilla">

Then, your conditional CSS would look like

.ie#container { top: 5px;}
.mozilla#container { top: 5px;}
.chrome#container { top: 5px;}

Solution 3:

For clean code, you might make use of the javascript file here: http://rafael.adm.br/css_browser_selector/ By including the line:

<scriptsrc="css_browser_selector.js"type="text/javascript"></script>

You can write subsequent css with the following simple pattern:

.ie7[thing] {
  background-color: orange
}
.chrome[thing] {
  background-color: gray
}

Solution 4:

Since you also have PHP in the tag, I'm going to suggest some server side options.

The easiest solution is the one most people suggest here. The problem I generally have with this, is that it can causes your CSS files or <style> tags to be up to 20 times bigger than your html documents and can cause browser slowdowns for parsing and processing tags that it can't understand -moz-border-radius vs -webkit-border-radius

The second best solution(i've found) is to have php output your actual css file i.e.

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mycss.php">

where

<?php
header("Content-Type: text/css");
if( preg_match("/chrome/", $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ) {
  // output chrome specific css style
} else {
  // output default css style
}
?>

This allows you to create smaller easier to process files for the browser.

The best method I've found, is specific to Apache though. The method is to use mod_rewrite or mod_perl's PerlMapToStorageHandler to remap the URL to a file on the system based on the rendering engine.

say your website is http://www.myexample.com/ and it points to /srv/www/html. For chrome, if you ask for main.css, instead of loading /srv/www/html/main.css it checks to see if there is a /srv/www/html/main.webkit.css and if it exists, it dump that, else it'll output the main.css. For IE, it tries main.trident.css, for firefox it tries main.gecko.css. Like above, it allows me to create smaller, more targeted, css files, but it also allows me to use caching better, as the browser will attempt to redownload the file, and the web server will present the browser with proper 304's to tell it, you don't need to redownload it. It also allows my web developers a bit more freedom without for them having to write backend code to target platforms. I also have .js files being redirected to javascript engines as well, for main.js, in chrome it tries main.v8.js, in safari, main.nitro.js, in firefox, main.gecko.js. This allows for outputting of specific javascript that will be faster(less browser testing code/feature testing). Granted the developers don't have to target specific and can write a main.js and not make main.<js engine>.js and it'll load that normally. i.e. having a main.js and a main.jscript.js file means that IE gets the jscript one, and everyone else gets the default js, same with the css files.

Solution 5:

Paul Irish's approach to IE specific CSS is the most elegant I've seen. It uses conditional statements to add classes to the HTML element, which can then be used to apply appropriate IE version specific CSS without resorting to hacks. The CSS validates, and it will continue to work down the line for future browser versions.

The full details of the approach can be seen on his site.

This doesn't cover browser specific hacks for Mozilla and Chrome... but I don't really find I need those anyway.

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